感染症検査法(2)

新しい抗酸菌検査法

一　山　　　智*
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
Advances of Laboratory Testing for the Rapid Diagnosis of Tuberculosis

Satoshi ICHIYAMA, MD, PhD*

Rapid diagnosis and treatment are extensively important for preventing transmission of Mycobacterium tuberculosis : In 1994, The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, CDC, has published recommendations for the rapid diagnosis in the laboratories, in which smear result should be reported within 24h, detection and identification within 10 to 14 days, and susceptibility within 15 to 30 days. New technologies, therefore, should be implemented in the laboratory.
There have been significant advances in the practice of microbiology. Nucleic acid amplification, rapid culture system, antigen detection, and ATP assay system have provided new approaches to the rapid diagnosis of tuberculosis. In the present paper, we review studies which evaluated the reliability, rapidity, and requisite diagnostic capability for each method. Furthermore, we propose an appropriate test algorithm in the clinical laboratories.
[Rinsho Byori 50 : 455〜462, 2002 ]

*Laboratory Medicine, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto 606-8507

【Key Words】mycobacteria(抗酸菌)，laboratory testing(検査)，molecular technology(分子生物学的手法)，rapid diagnosis(迅速診断)，biosafety(検査室安全管理)

*京都大学大学院医学研究科医学部臨床生体統御医学講座臨床病態検査学(〒606-8507 京都市左京区聖護院川原町54)

E-mail :sichiyam@kuhp.kyoto-u.ac.jp